How about some of the following:
- "Real-World Cryptography" is my recommendation for the first book to read, but probably won't work for your friend as it doesn't cover any algorithms in detail. It's a great topic to cover a lot of ground quickly to gain a good understanding of how cryptography is used in practice.
- "Introduction to Modern Cryptography" is used as a textbook on many universities and I recommend it for someone who doesn't mind diving in into the maths. Being a textbook, it's fairly academic.
- "The Code Book: The Secret History of Codes and Code-breaking" covers the history.
- For TLS and PKI, read "Bulletproof TLS and PKI" (disclaimer: I wrote it). It's a good book to understand practical protocol engineering in the context of the evolution of TLS from 1995 until now.
Edits:
- The manga book is very nice and fun, but high level and dated.
- Crypto by Steven Levy also recommended.
- Serious Cryptography is good, but Real-World Cryptography is more recent and provides a better foundation.
- Cryptography Engineering / Practical Cryptography / Applied Cryptography are often recommended, but they're very dated at this point.
- Your friend might enjoy https://cryptopals.com/