I heard that these small holes are supposed to be Helmholtz Resonators. If tuned to the right frequency, they can help with noise reduction.
https://hackaday.com/2023/12/24/absorbing-traffic-noise-with...
https://hackaday.com/2023/12/24/absorbing-traffic-noise-with...
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/feb/01/swedish-...