SIM cards and secure elements still use this, but it's arguably less Java than Javascript. Except that the trademark and tech (JavaCard) was owned by Sun, now Oracle. It's the basis of the claim, that gazillion devices run Java.

JavaCard is a massively trimmed down version which is more a dumbed down C (with no standardization, little documentation and no third-party tool support) which is essentially Java reduced to basic arithmetic operator, an arguably saner, much trimmed down standard library focusing on cryptography and most importantly no GC.

For a time, Java was set to be the 'everything everywhere' language, IIRC in some quarters the hype behind Java on everything was even bigger than Cloud, then Crypto, then AI.