EWS if I recall correctly is transposition of MAPI-RPC onto HTTPS connection
What you're thinking of is called RPC-over-HTTP or sometimes "Outlook Anywhere".
I wonder how it deals with things like MAPI (which still forms internals of Outlook and Exchange) not actually supporting HTML email[1] despite having a message for it (and Outlook being infamous for pushing HTML email in minds of many)
[1] If you include a HTML Email message part in a MAPI store, the MS MAPI library explodes and declares the store unreadable. You have to wrap HTML in RTF and include it in RTF message part... ¯ \ _ ಠ _ ಠ _ / ¯