It‘s Goodhart‘s law: "When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure"
I think there are parallels between Deutsch’s ideas about explanation and the concept of coincident vs inherent complexity
It is in fact the same phenomenon as treating +SLOC as a proxy for productivity. When everyone is rewarded for adding process, but it isn't anyone's job to remove it, a system inevitably ends up with too much process.