Here are the maximum number of steps required through 10, and likely maximum number of steps required through 12:
6: 14 7: 26 8: 74 9: 86 10: 126 11: 106 (?) (full state space not explored) 12: 130 (?) (full state space not explored)
6: 14 7: 26 8: 74 9: 86 10: 126 11: 106 (?) (full state space not explored) 12: 130 (?) (full state space not explored)
To explore the entire state space of possible initial positions, I use a number of tricks; I'll be writing that up pretty soon. I've explored through n=12 already, and expect to finish n=13 and n=14 pretty soon. I'm not sure if I'll be able to do n=15.
And by the way, I've found a position for n=14 that requires 206 moves to solve.