Maybe you like this answer more: At the end of the day you can embed a bunch of Turing-complete programming languages in Postgres, and Postgres can store binary blobs, so Postgres can do literally anything. Can it do it performantly, and for low cost? Probably not. But if you put in enough time and money I’m sure you can re-implement Redis on Postgres using BLOB column alone.
Here’s a simpler answer: cuckoo filter is available out of the box in Redis, 2 seconds of Googling I didn’t find one for Postgres: https://redis.io/docs/latest/develop/data-types/probabilisti...
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/bloom.html
Have a look
That being said, building a bloom/cuckoo filter as a data type would be quite trivial - a basic version might take an hour or two, the more advanced stuff (to support partial aggregates etc) might take a bit more. Ultimately, this is not that different from what postgresql-hll does.