It depends if you include SOE debt as a part of China's national debt or not. One thinking is that SOEs are almost private companies, but everyone assumes their loans are backed by local governments at least. Kind of a mess when you try to sort out what is private and public in China's debt. Should the debt of state owned railroads who heavily bond out the development of the HSR network be counted as public debt, or private debt since it is held by private entities? Considering that default is still a possibility (only BJ - SH is profitable), the government will probably have to transfer these to public debt eventually (or alternatively tell lots of private chinese citizens their retirement is SOL).