One factor is the lack of adoption of copyleft licenses. The proliferation of permissive licenses turned into a backdoor for corporations to privatize volunteer work. We should adopt copyleft whenever possible. Stallman is right on this.
Git is GPL, this didn't prevent GitHub from becoming a multibillion dollar behemoth of a Microsoft subsidiary.
The value which companies capture is in using software, not modifying it and selling a proprietary version of the modified code. The only way to sustain this misapprehension is to notice every time permissively licensed software makes a company some money, and studiously ignore it every time copylefted software does the same thing.
You have it backwards. The goal of copyleft is not to "prevent others from benefiting". The goal is to potentially benefit from the adoption. If someone uses your copyleft library and fixes bugs in it, you can see their fixes and bring them back upstream. So you benefit from their work.
There cannot be an OSS license where the user of the OSS who don't make money don't need to pay, but a corp that do make money pays.
and nobody cared. read about the "tainted kernel" compromise. without it android, modems, anything with a linux firmware, would be truly open source.
alas, the modem manufacturers won then.
I remember.
GPL worked very well for it even if, unfortunately, it's not GPL-3
But there are copyleft licenses that are not viral at all and just force the users to distribute their changes to your library, e.g. MPLv2 and EUPL.
I don't understand why one would use a permissive license versus MPLv2 or EUPL.
GPL3 gave copyleft a bad name and everyone decided to give away their labour for free.
MPL/EUPL are the spirit of "you can use it, if you spend half a million writing a completely separate module of course you can keep it for yourself, but if you change the actual source files that everybody uses you have to share, so everyone benefits."
Using Linux as example it means one could write their own proprietary driver for their proprietary device, but optimize, say, the memory allocator, please share it so we all benefit.