What have they broken on 3.x? Genuine question as I haven't followed python's development super closely
E.g. Python 3.12 has deprecated datetime.utcnow(). So it will probably be removed in Python 3.14 or 3.15.
For all intents and purposes, "Python 3" is now the brand and "Python 3.x" releases are major, breaking releases.
Clojure is pretty good even on that timescale though.
[1] See eg https://stackoverflow.com/a/50445603 up until 2021
In some environments, yes. A bunch of platforms have started using bash-compatible (but not actually bash) shells like fish to help with startup performance. Apple has upgraded from a truly ancient version of bash to a somewhat-modern one in that time (and then gone all-in on zsh instead). Things change on the scale of a decade.
Yes, of course, things do change incompatibly in a decade, probably including some of the nonstandard platform-specific commands called by the script regardless of which dialect of shell. But people who use a nonstandard shell dialect - however common it might be at the time of writing - should be prepared for that shell to become uncommon, absent by default, installed at a different path, incompatibly changed, or otherwise unusable a decade later to an extent that people writing to the standard do not.
It's harder to upgrade services in a central way with any amount of leverage, and generally requires more coordination overhead, and moving more carefully.
Compare with, say, golang, where it's pretty much a non-issue. My experience with Ruby was a lot better too, until Ruby 3, but hey, that was a major version bump!