sigh
The key difference according to the famous Berlin interpretation is that roguelikes are supposed to have certain traits [1] making them into a variation of classic games: ADOM, (B)Rogue, Nethack, etc.
Metaprogression can or cannot be in the game. Doesn't even matter.
In this worldview roguelites, generally speaking, only borrow certain aspects of the definition, with permadeath being the main one.
Either way, there are many (very) influential devs who do not agree even with this strict definition [2].
[1] https://www.roguebasin.com/index.php/Berlin_Interpretation