> I know German history and how divided the country used to be, so it shouldn’t be a surprise to see these differences.
The author is not talking about Germany post-WW2, but pre-1870, where Germany was divided into 39 independent states (if we include the Austrian Empire), at least in the 19th century. Before that, the number was likely higher.
German history is a lot longer than the past century.
The 39 independent states is only correct for a few years in the 19th century. Summarizing the changes in number of states of the German confederation since 1815:
1815: 39 (German Confederation founded)
1817: 40 (Hesse-Homburg admitted)
1839: 41 (Limburg added)
1850: 39 (Prussia annexes two Hohenzollern duchies)
1853: 38 (Anhalt-Köthen merged)
1863: 37 (Anhalt-Bernburg merged)
1866: 36 (Confederation collapses; Prussia absorbs Hanover etc.)
1867: 26 (22 in North Confederation + 4 southern kingdoms)
1871: German Empire formed, states are no longer independentWish they would remember that more, but the prevailing attitude seems to be that Germany started existing in 1945 after some idiot in a previous country in the same place decided it would be a good idea to industrialise mass murder.
People educated here really believe this somehow :-X
> There are also clear religious differences. Both cities were Catholic until the 16th century, but during the Reformation, Hamburg became Protestant.
Etc.
At this point not getting it seems willful.