No magical thinking here. No empty blather about how AI is going to make us obsolete with the details all handwaved away. Karpathy sees that, for now, better humans are the only way forward.
Also, speculation as to why AI coders are "mortally terrified of exceptions": it's the same thing OpenAI recently wrote about, trying to get an answer at all costs to boost some accuracy metric. An exception is a signal of uncertainty indicating that you need to learn more about your problem. But that doesn't get you points. Only a "correct answer" gets you points.
Frontier AI research seems to have yet to operationalize a concept of progress without a final correct answer or victory condition. That's why AI is still so bad at Pokemon. To complete open-ended long-running tasks like Pokemon, you need to be motivated to get interesting things to happen, have some minimal sense of what kind of thing is interesting, and have the ability to adjust your sense of what is interesting as you learn more.