I may be misleading myself, but it's rare (on a desktop browser, at least) that it's the page rendering time that I really notice: far more significant is usually the latency, or the time taken to transfer the significant proportion of a megabyte of HTML that's smothering a few kilobytes of text.
On the downside, it replaces something that just works with something that ... mostly just works. See elsewhere on this page: "Loads blank white screens in firefox 15" / "This is now fixed". And that's the problem: you've replaced something that works in every browser with something that you have to (or someone has to) test in every browser, and whose failure modes must all be handled. What happens when you click on a "turbolink" on an overloaded server, for example? My experience so far has been that this kind of enhanced link is usually faster, but the probability of nothing happening in response to a click is not insignificant.
I'm aware that I probably sound like an old grouch.