As for waste - for the past decade or so, the consumer computing world has been in an almost unanimous consensus that computing power is cheap, and that it's not worth optimizing away a few hundred megabytes of storage or RAM. And macOS is _nowhere_ near being the worst offender here. If you really need to point a finger at waste, look no further than Windows, where just about everything these days is a WebView. Now that's waste.
I'm pretty confident that the taskbar on Windows 11 alone eats up more RAM and CPU time than every single macOS service that's running but not actually being used combined.