AI actually has some optimizations unique to the field. You can in fact optimize a model to make it work; not a lot of other disciplines put as much emphasis on this as AI
What other optimizations are there that can be used than what explicitly falls into the 4 categories that the top commenter here listed out?
There is more to it, mentioned 4 categories are not the only ones, they are not even broad categories.
If somebody likes broad categories here is good one: "1s and 0s" and you can compute anything you want, there you go – single category for everything. Is it meaningful? Not really.