Tracking an aircraft carrier should not be difficult for any state (satellite images). The fact that civilians can do it too now is interesting.
It would be another matter if that was tracking a nuclear submarine...
It would be another matter if that was tracking a nuclear submarine...
I can't imagine with the satellite image and compute we have it would be difficult at all to know the real_time +- 30min location of any carrier by maybe the top 5-10 states, even at night.
The earth is vast, but once you pinpoint a carrier, a simple software loop should be able to track it for ever (those carrier do not move fast).
I cannot imagine this being remotely difficult for a state to have a constant pin on every large carriers sailing on earth. There even might be some civilian apps for that too.
But again, Strava and other connected + geolocation apps have been an issue for military personnel in general.