By the government: "This nonimmigrant classification..." [1]
[1] https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/h-1b-spec...
[1] https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-states/h-1b-spec...
My personal rule of thumb is that any non-citizen who becomes a tax resident due to hitting the six-month rule is an immigrant.