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In 2024 (pre-trade-war), the US exported $168M of wine to the EU and $460M to Canada. Any recovery in wine exports to the EU won’t make up for Canadian boycotts.

Numbers for importing California wines went from $540 million, to $40 million in 3, 5 years. For one province alone. And this wasn't a federal decision, this was people telling their provincial government to do it. And they listened.

I’m in the US, and won’t buy booze from red states. I’m really getting to know our local (and also Scottish / Irish) distilleries.

I don’t imagine I’d buy any American imports if I was overseas.

Question: what is the ratio of US wine imported into the EU vs US wine imported into Canada, by dollar value?

Question: what is the percentage increase in tariff amounts on wine between the pre- and post-USMCA state of play between the US and Canada?

Sometimes seeing why something has happened requires considering wider context, which is why it's usually good for a nation to ensure primary education includes solid economics, history, media literacy, etc curricula.