You can technically send then all the time and it is enough that they boot once. No need to know the time beforehand.
What we _can_ do, though, while the OS is running is detecting that bogus large ICMP packets are sent continuously. At least, this would be early warning that a reboot may be risky without disabling PXE.
This exploit is a unicast packet, which is unsolicited. For NAT, you probably don't need to do much. for ipv6 you'll need to make sure that your firewall doesn't blindly pass on ICMP ie make sure its a stateful firewall.
especially in free/open source software like edk2