On their about page they write that they're "grateful to Pingdom for providing access to their data" but I can't find anything more about which and how many places they're measuring from or how they combine measurements from different places.
Disclaimer: I work for Google on mod_pagespeed and ngx_pagespeed, and I sit near the people who handle developers.google.com/speed/libraries/ But I don't know anything about how they serve the hosted library traffic.