Another problem is that the costs are not spread equally. An industry that employs a lot of low skill workers has to burden a huge amount of the cost of it, whereas a business that automates all their employees doesn't have to pay a dime. And those costs might pass on to consumers and cause problems, competing with different countries.
The better alternative is a basic income (or some variation of it.) Tax everyone, not just the industries that employ lots of workers, include the unemployed in the benefits, and don't create artificial disincentives to hire people.