I think the greatest benefits come from getting girls excited about STEM careers, but this is a much longer term approach. I'm really dismayed at the peer pressure I see in school that steers boys and girls in different directions, since this is something you have to fight at home and de-program your children. Get your daughters a microscope, telescope, computer, whatever. Use it with her, show her all the cool stuff in the world and talk about how it works. Don't go for "girl-friendly" approaches, since IMO, those are condescending. Treat her like a curious little scientist, not little Suzie homemaker with a science hobby.
Having kids, it really pisses me off that people say boys are "smart, strong", and that girls are "cute, friendly". Freaking double standard.