Web components are the most promising development, because the preferred approach in sw development has always been isolation/separation of concerns. This is pretty much the opposite of the JQuery style. In theory you can separate using JQuery but in practice still in 2014 you cannot look at source in any moderately complex web app and understand what's going on. Ultimately, its going to have to be a DOM/JS mix (Those aren't going away for a long time) but they never got it quite right. The web component frameworks are the best thing going for the future.
IMO they should be declarative, that is - in the HTML - but programmable, and that's the way things have been heading. So in 10 years we'll still have the DOM and JS (although it would be interesting to have more languages easily usable in the browser). As Polymer evolves it (or some equivalent) will make it into the browser.