It's highly unlikely Go will be able to compete in terms of compiler optimizations because of it's goal of fast compilation speeds. The majority of the time Rust spends compiling code is within LLVM last time I checked, because LLVM does quite a bit of optimizations.

Then if you take into account the fact that Go's language features do not promote highly-performant code (GC, heap allocation, dynamic dispatching) that a few people in this thread has touched on.

While better looking code is highly subjective, Rust has indeed traded off some aesthetics for safety, performance, etc... However, that's not to say Rust code is ugly, you can certainly write very nice looking code in Rust.