I see a section in the link you provided that reads:
> "Chrome OS may send a non-unique promotional tag to Google periodically (including during initial setup) and when performing searches with Google."
Sure Chrome may not be sending a GUID with every request. That wasn't my point. To clarify, my point was that Google has a GUID (your Google account, and likely other forms of ID) that identify you pretty clearly across devices/Chrome instances. I saw nothing in the policy you linked that said Google AdSense and other Google ad services (DoubleClick tags, GA, etc.) do not use that information to link identities across devices for purposes of tracking.
The AdWords and GA teams have rolled out significant advances in cross-device tracking over the past year or two, including new metrics and reports in the respective platforms. It seems pretty obvious to me that this is a data point that is factored into making that link.
But again, I'd love to be proven wrong if I missed a section of your link that explicitly says otherwise.