I do not think there is a one-to-one connection to be made between neural nets and the brain. That said, it is possible to fool our own visual system in a similar way: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestalt_psychology#Properties

If you haven't seen this picture before: http://www.moillusions.com/wp-content/uploads/photos1.blogge... it should appear as meaningless noise. After you spot the Dalmation dog, you will notice it in the future.