You have made assumptions a plenty about me but i'll stick to your anectodal point. Progressive taxation and safety nets helps people like you describe - would you rather your mother be in a group home or on the streets freezing to death? People being 'lazy' is a far superior alternative to simply abandoning people. The problem comes when people are only given material support but no mental health support etc. This support is given out in the US and UK (where I am from) but it is woefully underfunded to the point that people blame the negative effects of underfunding on the idea it's self.
The shoddy state of US infrastructure does not condemn the entire system of taxation into the dustbin of history. Perhaps it condemns the US's way of taxation, which I agree with.
Govt. debt has been used to pay for high military spending etc. It has happened before many times and can happen again. A better way to solve these problems could be to not just throw money at them but build preventative systems.
Shall we fix the roads that we drive on with our own dime too? When others benefit from a taxation and government spending system so do you. If workers have more time to meaningfully chose the work they wish to partake in, managers will have less trouble with unmotivated workers etc. It isnt just about 'give me money and taxes are OK', collectivised services are an economy of scale and benefit from these communal systems.
This is just a consequence of the semi-free job market the US has. Indeed people would return to work if their benefits were taken but would this be a good thing? Should people be forced to work like this? These jobs will soon be automated anyway. The key question is how we can share the benefits of automation widely such that we don't have giant swathes of penniless workless population.