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cagey

346 karma · joined June 5, 2009

Recently retired ex-Silicon Valley resident Embedded/Firmware/Software Engineer/Developer with over three decades of experience in mass-storage device product firmware development, storage networking and related areas, with heavy experience in software tools development and workflow automation (latterly rolled into the "DevOps" milieu).
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cagey··on Operation Gladio
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_Wehrmacht_myth#End_of_th...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazism_and_the_Wehrmacht

cagey··on The 'Egg' Laptop
Reminds me of the HP 110 (circa 1984).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_110

http://oldcomputers.net/hp110.html

cagey··on The Disappearing Art of Maintenance
Well, the tires were purchased (and mounted) at Costco, and rotated at least once previously by Costco (since the path of least resistance for warranty maintenance is for them to have the records of doing the (free rotations) themselves; they'd have a hard time arguing in the event of a warranty claim that they'd rotated the tires incorrectly).

So history argues in favor of it being their fault. In fairness, they were apologetic and never tried to absolve themselves of responsibility.

Regarding "Costco should have had zero problems replacing a broken stud on the spot", I wish it were so (would have saved a bit of hassle), but which expert person at Costco is going to be capable of doing this? They seemed to have shop nearby that they farmed such work out to, but this problem occurred on a Sunday...

cagey··on The Disappearing Art of Maintenance
DW took our car to Costco for a free scheduled tire rotation (mandatory to maintain the tire warranty) about a month ago.

She called saying "they're saying 'the lug nut broke'"; I was thinking (and asking) "how is that possible (it can't possibly be a defective lug nut)?" 10 minutes later "the stud is broken"; 5 minutes later "they [Costco] admitted to breaking it".

The resolution was to have a local shop replace the lug stud and get reimbursed for the repair cost: $125 (the part might have cost $2)!

I chalk this episode up to them hiring warm bodies lacking any mechanical experience or aptitude (to the extent of not being aware of "righty tighty, lefty-loosey") and handing them an impact wrench.

cagey··on Ask HN: When did you stop using a printer and why?
Ditto. Our Brother laser printer gets used primarily to print package labels for e-commerce returns. Secondarily, for forms required to interact with certain bureaucratic entities (paper is either required or easier than dealing with a crap website; also sometimes it's useful to print blank forms for drafts).

Almost all of what we print is either outbound or transient (and shredded once its immediate purpose is fulfilled). 99% of what needs to be preserved long-term gets scanned (and shredded).

The above has been our operating mode for at least 10 years.

cagey··on Ask HN: Which old, functional, electronics do you have?
HP11C calculator (1981) might be the oldest. I occasionally use it for a quick calc just because.

HP16C of similar vintage also.

edit: And an HP71B (1984) which is definitely programmable (assembly and BASIC; I don't have the FORTH module).

cagey··on Unboxing a $100 Chromebook
I bought a ASUS CXB170CKA-212.BCLN6 Chromebook in March 2022 (for USD150; it's not a high-end model). According to ASUS, "The Chrome OS AUE(Auto Update Expiration) date [for this model] is June 2029."[0]

I consider 7 years to be many more than "a few years".

[0] https://www.bestbuy.com/site/questions/asus-17-3-chromebook-...

cagey··on $9.99/month
> I was only drinking 2 cups, and I was throwing away 2 cups.

I make enough for 2 days and microwave the leftovers for 2nd days' coffee.

cagey··on FCC proposes to increase minimum broadband speeds to 100 Mbps
I'm trying to figure out what the likely outcome of this proposal will if enacted be, mapping to my tenuous but sufficient home internet service.

Is my current best-choice provider (TMO 5g Home internet) going to boost my speeds from current 10-100/1-10 Mbps dn/up to a solid floor of 100/20Mbs or lose Federal funding?

Or, will TMO receive more Federal funding to bring me up to a solid 100/20Mbs floor?

Or, will TMO classify my service as something other than "broadband" and continue to provide unchanged QoS?

Or, will TMo drop customers such as myself "on the performance margins" of their service (instead of boosting tower capacity)?

cagey··on Mendon, Missouri
Your solution proposal appears to be:

If BNSF is not already today 100% responsible for installing & maintaining maximal protection equipment at all RR/road crossings that were installed by government over its preexisting tracks,

then BNSF should have all of its property (tracks and right of way (RR track bearing real estate)) converted into "the commons" (i.e. BNSF should be nationalized)

and the owner of "the commons" (government) will then resolve all RR/road crossing safety issues (by RR closure, road closure, or deployment of crossing improvements sufficient to match safety levels attained in the country having the safest RR/road crossings in the world, at its prerogative) all while operating the new national RR (carrying freight and passengers) safely and efficiently to ensure supply line problems attributable to RR causes do not worsen.

Is this accurate?

cagey··on Mendon, Missouri
The RR line on which the collision near Mendon, MO occurred is the furthest thing from "infrequently-used tracks"; these tracks are part of the "BNSF Southern Transcon[tinental]" line[0] between Los Angeles, CA and Chicago, IL, which carries (per previously linked Trains Forum thread: "Posted by tree68 on Thursday, June 30, 2022 7:59 PM") "The FRA/DOT crossing data shows over 50 trains a day..." (wikipedia[0] provides a higher number). And the vast majority of the BNSF Southern Transcon in MO (and elsewhere) is double-tracked, meaning trains can (and usually do) run near full track speed (90 mph in my understanding) without the frequent need to stop for opposing-direction traffic as would be typical on single-track lines.

Also, I don't know if you were applying the term to the road of the crossing involved in this crash, but this road is not one I would characterize as "well used"; more like "exceedingly rarely used" (thus the lack of active crossing protection).

Finally according to the previously referenced Trains Forum thread ("Posted by blue streak 1 on Wednesday, June 29, 2022 11:32 AM"), the railroad existed 60-70 years prior to the road in question. I believe it is this circumstance which places the onus on MODOT to defend the users of their later-arriving road from hazards associated with rail traffic on the preexisting BNSF line (with BNSF being an involved party).

I understand citing posts another public forum does not necessarily meet the gold standard of citations, but all of these facts align with my preexisting understanding of the situation.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Transcon calls out Mendon, MO as a station on the Marceline subdivision

cagey··on Mendon, Missouri
The situation is quite confusing. Restricting the discussion to the vast numbers of existing RR/road crossings (not new crossings), then to what degree does the state control the installation of automated crossing protection (upgrades)? The various articles I read about this crash strongly suggest that MODOT is largely throttling which RR/road crossing automated protection upgrades are executed, and implies this throttling is largely because of state spending limits. But if as you say most of the cost of these upgrades is to be borne by BNSF, why would MODOT be reluctant to compel BNSF to spend money upgrading crossing protection throughout their state? If BNSF had refused such "suggestions" by the state, I would expect to made aware, post crash, of how evil BNSF was in not performing needed safety upgrades requested/commanded by the state, how the state is suing BNSF to compel them to do so, and how BNSF is 100% liable for the damages related to this crash. But that isn't what I read in any of the articles related to this crash. This strongly suggests to me that the state bears significant, perhaps gating, responsibility here.

Any clarification of what's going on in this regard would be appreciated.

cagey··on Mendon, Missouri
I believe that this is incorrectly simplistic, if only because these sorts of situations by definition exist at the interface between a railroad and either a private or government road. Having the line operator (which I'm taking to mean railroad owner, in this case BNSF) bear 100% of the burden of providing full crossing protection creates an unbalanced situation (in terms of the cost to be borne). I'm not an expert, but have been following a forum thread on this topic (this Amtrak-truck collision and how to prevent repeats)[0] which points to articles stating that this particular crossing has been "on the list" of not the RR owner (BNSF) but MODOT (Missouri [state] Dept of Transportation) for receiving a "crossing gates and lights" (automated protection) deployment, and that the cost of this prospective deployment is approximately USD400K (per crossing) which would be shared by the state (MODOT) and BNSF, and that, as noted by others posting in this thread, there are a large number (probably the majority) of RR/road crossings in the state (and country) which are similarly unprotected, and whose low use rate has historically not justified the installation and ongoing maintenance costs of full crossing protection. A cynic on the linked[0] thread mentioned it was possible that MODOT had put every unprotected RR/road crossing "on the list" to receive a full protection equipment deployment, so that in case of any similar accident, they could claim to "already be working on a solution, just didn't get there in time" as in bureaucratic CYA.

Given the costs involved, IMO it would probably be better to close at least half of the crossings in (e.g. relatively flat farmland) areas where the road grid incurs these crossings at a rate more than one per mile. But as with decisions to spend money, choosing which crossings to close (ostensibly so that the remainder may have automated protection added) becomes a political "hot potato" that can easily cause the process to stall.

[0] https://cs.trains.com/trn/f/111/t/292768.aspx

[1] https://www.kansascity.com/news/state/missouri/article263049...

cagey··on Extreme heat, drought will permanently scar California and its social fabric
"The project to build a desalination plant in San Diego County, California commenced in 1993 after five years of drought."[1]

"Before 2008, San Diego County historically had been a Republican stronghold."[2]

[1] first sentence of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_%22Bud%22_Lewis_Carlsba...

[2] first sentence of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_San_Diego_County

cagey··on Ask HN: Do You Use RSS?
Yes, I do. I opened this link right from my RSS reader.
cagey··on SpaceX said to fire employees involved in letter rebuking Elon Musk
> Well one difference is that the people who work in the government bureaucracies are still citizens, and are able to vote for or against the leaders that manage them.

While technically true, this seems laughably inaccurate in practice. Government bureaucracies are almost entirely composed of unelected employees.

"There are 542 federal offices: President, Vice President, 100 U.S. Senators (two from each state), 435 U.S. Representatives, four delegates to the House of Representatives from U.S. territories and the District of Columbia, and one Resident Commissioner from the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico."[0]

"Federal Civilian Employment ... Total, All Areas* 1,869,986"[1]

Yes, the latter number includes Dept of Defence civilian employees.

Examination of the situation in a state of your choosing is left as an exercise for the reader, however I suspect the ratios for state employees vs elected officeholders will be similar.

[0] https://www.fvap.gov/info/about-absentee-voting/elections#:~.... [1] https://www.opm.gov/policy-data-oversight/data-analysis-docu...

cagey··on Think U.S. Gas Prices at $5 a Gallon Are Bad? Try $10
Spurred me to dig out an anecdote: 2005 Toyota Solara, 3.3l V6, vacation trip from CA to UT and back, Sept 2016, moderate A/C use: 6 days, 2550 miles, 28.9 mpg (100% lowest-octane "regular" gas used). As others have noted, driving smoothly with minimal/gentle acceleration has a major mpg benefit.
cagey··on Yandex CEO resigns after being targeted by EU sanctions
It seems like "Russians in Israel" comprise a sizable voting bloc therein[A]. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russians_in_Israel

"Russians in Israel or Russian Israelis are post-Soviet Russian citizens who immigrate to Israel and their descendants. As of 2022, Russian-speakers number around 1,300,000 people, or 15% of the Israeli population.[2][3]"

...

"Most Russians in Israel have full Israeli citizenship. Israeli Russians are involved in the country's economy on all levels."

cagey··on “I think the vast majority of developers still debug using print() statements”
I too did embedded code (firmware) work, in the 199x's with only an ICE (basically, hardware debugger). I only dreamed of having printf-capable logging facilities on the HW target; almost all of the firmware "game" comes down to finagling the egress of debug (and application characterization) information off the (in my case, eternally extremely cost-/resource-constrained) target. These days things are much better in this regard (32-bit CPU's and associated memory and other-infra (data-path) resources are MUCH more capable than those of the 8- and 16-bitters of a few decades ago...). Briefly returning to the thread topic: this experience doing FW dev and usually only having a debugger (and how terribly inefficient that was) strongly guided me to a logging-based debug approach: the ability to collect a log and filter it using ad-hoc (e.g. Perl-based) tools, provides IMO an order of magnitude more powerful way to truly understand program (and HW target) behavior compared to a debugger.

I didn't mention earlier that a key component of my "leave DBG printfs in the source code and let the compiler both (a) type-check the trailing param types vs the format string, and (b) elide codegen (executable file footprint) for those same DBG printfs due to the compiler optimizing those calls out" approach is that I build with -O3 which (at least historically; I haven't checked recently) provides a poor gdb debugging experience because the optimizer frequently de-correlates source code lines from generated machine code; if I encounter a segfault, I must suss out a repeatable test case, clean rebuild with -O0 (no optimization), keep fingers crossed that the test case still fails (it usually does), and repro under gdb. The hassle associated with this gyration inhibits my debugger use in non-segfault cases (though these days a clean rebuild is a lot faster than it used to be).

cagey··on “I think the vast majority of developers still debug using print() statements”
Nope. Asm, then later Pascal quickly followed by C. Later I had to take a "Numerical Methods" course that required FORTRAN, but my only gleaning from that torture was "never again".
cagey··on “I think the vast majority of developers still debug using print() statements”
99.9% of the time (long-term personal C++ project) I use printf-based logging to root-cause unexpected behavior. I use gdb only to root-cause segfaults (which are thankfully quite rare).

I use GCC exclusively, and its type-checking of param types vs format string largely prevents me from spending time in gdb; pre-GCC adoption, the biggest source of segfaults in my world was printf type mismatches.

Addendum:

I'm sure it violates every coding convention ever created, but, in almost all cases, once I add a debug printf to my source code, for example,

   ED && DBG( "%s", foostr );  // ED is usually a function-scoped enum normally ==0
I leave it there forever. This allows all DBG's to be eternally subject to GCC printf param type build time checking going forward (preventing the debug print code from rotting (as it absolutely would if commented out), at minor maintenance cost (typically only when I switch to a new GCC release)) while not imposing any runtime cost (unless I flip ED to 1 and rebuild to enable function-specific detailed logging).

As far as this practice injecting large amounts of comprehension-thwarting noise into my source code: all such `ED && DBG(...);` code sequences are positioned in their own column far to the right of the non-DBG code (needless to say, I don't subject myself to 80-column coding-convention limits; more like 160-column). That this results in multiple statements per line (another typical taboo) is a don't care, since I'm never using a debugger to single-step thru code, and in any case, by convention my DBG() calls never modify program state.

It works great for me, but probably not for anyone else.

cagey··on Ask HN: What do you pay for your internet connection, and where do you live?
Southeastern AZ (USA) semi-rural

50USD/month, T-Mobile Home Internet (5G-based).

max speed: 130/40 down/up (Mbps)

performance definitely varies (both by time of day, and past 3 weeks as T-Mobile seems to be running an aggressive ad campaign -> more network demand), recently has been pretty poor (and it seems like the "modem" wedges and has to be power-cycled on an almost daily basis).

cagey··on Computer work lying down comfortably with a home-made stand over the bed
I did something very similar to enable true working from home while recovering (slowly) from a herniated disc about 18 years ago: given a work laptop that opened 180 degrees, using scrap and bits from my garage I hacked together a 1 x 12 pine vertical sandwiched between head of bed and wall, with 1/4" plywood horizontal (with rectangular hole jigsaw-cut for laptop screen) fully cantilevered using eye-bolts and metal chain from vertical plywood extension. IBM Model M in lap, with a (now sadly unavailable) MS optical trackball mouse on the bed next to my right hip. There was enough vertical clearance to easily roll in/out of bed (on my left side). Understandably, my wife only tolerated its marring of our bedroom decor until my back was mostly back to normal...

edit: in addition to the expected pillows for my head, a triangular-cross-section firm-foam knee pillow was an essential component of this setup.

cagey··on Cities with Nice Weather
Ditto: I'm in the southwest (SE AZ) at 4700': Tomorrow 58°F low / 90°F high (32°F delta); Saturday 61°F low / 94°F high (33°F delta). An approximate 30°F diurnal swing is pretty much the norm year-round here. Your comment about precip and monsoon season applies too.
cagey··on Lessons learned from the recent job hunt
Reading this

> But ... they won't know the libraries let alone their intricacies and idiosyncrasies etc

triggered a related thought (also closely related to recent "how do you learn effectively?" and "I'm exhausted/burned out, what do I do?" HN threads):

In my most recent job-search, I found this type of expectation/requirement (specifically regarding deep (down to idiosyncratic) library (aka framework) knowledge & experience) to be the most off-putting. The likelihood that I will have used a specific library in the ecosystem your team/company has chosen in its pursuit of "teh hotness" is (to put it mildly) low, but I'm certain that my resume will be discarded, or worse, an interview process spun up but doomed because I'll be unable to regurgitate library documentation chapter and verse (much less idiosyncrasies (many of which may be version specific).

The proliferation of libraries/frameworks seems to be exponential; how would I ever acquire deep knowledge of the complete set of same that are considered "today's hotness" (both today and of the past N years) in an language ecosystem which I have extensive experience and familiarity with? My current employer/team has made its language and framework choices, and I'm bound to them for (typically) years, and I focus (for years) on being productive in that context. Am I expected (in the context of my next job) to have spent my non-working hours gaining/maintaining knowledge of both the contemporaneous competing frameworks (which current employer/team didn't choose, but came in close second, etc.) as well as each "new hotness" that comes along? The alternative appears to be that my future employment possibilities are continually being reduced/narrowed as the set of libraries/frameworks in popular use expands (exponentially) while my knowledge remains tightly focused within the domain. Even if I was willing to make an investment in self-study to learn a new library/framework well, given the above-described circumstance, what would be my criteria to make a wise choice? And if presented with the same question 6 months later, what is the likelihood I would make the same choice? I'm pretty sure the answer is not "100%".

In practice, I simply did not apply to the vast majority of job listings which I would have considered myself otherwise a good fit (i.e. could immediately grow into), due to this factor.

cagey··on Shaving is an example of how consumer products extract more money
Same for me; I've used Philips/Norelco rotary shavers for almost[1] all of my 45+ shaving years. As the battery technology has gotten better (NiCd: awful!; NiMh: decent; Li-Ion: wow!), the shavers last longer and longer; I bought a dup of my current shaver on sale for $20 as a backup maybe 5 years ago, but it's still unopened.

So the idea that "shaving is getting expensive" strikes me as silly; I'm sure you could spend thousands if you wanted to, but that's a choice.

[1] I tried a Braun "wet or dry" shaver, but one drop in the shower was the end of that "upscale purchase".

cagey··on Ask HN: Do you plan to move to a lower COL area/country?
Did the same (from SF Bay Area) 16 months ago. Don't miss CA aside from friends and family.
cagey··on Pushing back against contract demands is scary but please try anyway
> One of the biggest reasons for going "unlimited PTO" is that there's no accrual, therefore they owe you nothing.

IMO that's the only reason for employers to offer "unlimited PTO" schemes.

> Does explicitly saying "4 weeks" put them back in the hook for that, or does saying "expect" get them back off the hook again?

Hmm, at my most recent employer, I heard passdown from my manager that "the man above" (VP) had "guided" that 5 weeks was the ceiling for "unlimited" and that TPTB would look askance at anyone taking more. But this was all "off the record".

cagey··on Ask HN: Why are there so few fanless laptops with Intel/AMD?
1 month ago I bought a new Chromebook[1] with N4500 Celeron CPU that turns out to apparently be fanless (fanlessness is literally an unadvertised feature of this device). I'm typing this reply using it, with many dozens of browser tabs open, and it runs with nary a hiccup, and its battery life is insane (currently 13% battery w/estimated 2h35m operating time remaining, and based on my past experience that estimate is very credible).

[1] https://www.bestbuy.com/site/asus-17-3-chromebook-intel-cele...

cagey··on Fedora 36: A brave new (DRM/KMS only) world
> The Pi1/2/3 are more or less an (undocumented) GPU with an ARM core bolted on the side.

Is the Pi4 any different/better?

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