codethief

Cool project! I take it "LawVM" as a name and "frontend" as a term are plays on LLVM and its different frontends?

Two suggestions: 1) Handwrite the website (mainly the copy but also the design) instead of letting Claude do that. Right now it is really hard to read and comprehend. 2) Drop the "frontend" terminology. Even if it makes sense from a technical perspective, people working in the legal field (who I suppose you want to reach) will likely find it confusing.

I doubt this would work.

Git commits get rebased, squashed, cherry-picked and edited retroactively, written during pair or mob programming sessions or rewritten during code review. And we also know that commit messages often suck. As a result, commits almost never tell you the full story about who exactly contributed, in what order or why.

The process is even messier when writing new bills. They get passed around between different departments, discussed & edited in various committees, etc.

Sure, you could force all participating parties to use git, prevent them from force-pushing or rewriting history even on their "feature branches", get them to sign their every commit, etc. But what you'd then likely just end up with is most negotiation & editing happening out-of-band.

Besides: At the end of the day it's the (majority of the) parliament that enacts a given law, so in my book they are all responsible, even if in practice laws get written by a small subset of people.

I wish I had a good answer for you! I don't think there's anything specific they need to do for GrapheneOS. They "just" need to use Android's NFC API[0] and then do the necessary magic incantations to implement the relevant payment scheme, i.e. exchange data with the credit card terminal and talk to the bank's backend servers. How exactly that works… no idea. But if there's anyone who knows it's them!

There was a time when I thought about figuring this out in detail and building an open-source alternative to Google Pay. But from what I've heard, integrating with credit cards is not something that can be done in an agnostic manner but actually requires support and buy-in by the issuing banks. Not a great perspective for such an app.

[0]: https://developer.android.com/develop/connectivity/nfc/nfc

In Germany Sparda-Banken and, I think, Volks- und Raiffeisenbanken support tap-to-pay through their apps. (And maybe other banks providing apps developed by the same contractor, Atruvia AG.)

PayPal also offers tap-to-pay, though I recently had to disable Graphene's "secure app spawning" feature for the PayPal app to get it to open.

As someone with a degree in physics and math, I find the line you're trying to draw rather blurry.

> Quantum physics is a theory, as in "as far as we can tell, this is an exact mathematical description of the world".

Is it?

If by "mathematical exactness" you merely mean we have somehow been able to produce some numbers that later on we measured in experiments, then yes. (Though we haven't been able to produce such numbers in all cases, see e.g. [0].)

I my book, though, mathematical exactness means your model is mathematically consistent and is applied with the necessary mathematical rigor.

Quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, as they are commonly taught in universities, are everything but. They are a bunch of concepts and recipes that, albeit successful, are held together loosely with duct tape and lots of hand waving to make you ignore the logical gaps & jumps and the fact that many of the "mathematical" objects physicists refer to don't even exist[1]!

[0]: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/this-simple-exper...

[1]: Haag's Theorem, Aizenman–Fröhlich Triviality Theorem, etc.

Really, all previous PHP versions are affected?

Looks like news-web.php.net is offline now?

Agreed! Moreover, the term "decoherence" has a very specific meaning:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoherence

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/decoher...

> This site is an index. The complete original emails — full headers, bodies and attachments, with DKIM signatures intact — are in the torrent.

Weird, if the original messages have been published, why do both OP and the EuroNews article linked by the GP say that "Hackers have published 281 GB of AfD emails as AI summaries" and "A website published what it said were summaries of some of the emails but not the original messages"?

> It weighs upwards of 5,000 short tons (4,500,000 kg).

TIL there's something called a short ton.

@schindlabua: On a different note, regarding your series on type systems, specifically the very last part https://t3.at/blog/2025-12-24-type-systems-iceberg/ :

> Now.. we’re really reaching the boundaries of my knowledge here, but as I understand, not all theorems in mathematics are provable by constructive proofs, which is what the Curry-Howard isomorphism gives us access to. So there will always be mathematical truths that are outside the reach of any type system, that are provable under for example the set of axioms known as Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice (ZFC). ZFC is provably more expressive than λC or any other type system we can come up with, because the axiom of choice gives us access to non-constructive proofs.

I am no expert on type theory nor logic but I think there are a few errors here:

  - Curry-Howard is not restricted to intuitionistic logic / constructive type theories.

  - Type systems can be made arbitrarily expressive.

  - Non-constructive proofs exist in pure ZFC, too. They don't depend on assuming the Axiom of Choice. The core ingredient is the Law of Excluded Middle / proofs by contradiction.

Great little series!

OP has written other fantastic posts, like this one on colors:

https://t3.at/blog/2026-08-21-color-1-rgb-cube/

@schindlabua: Your explanations made some things click for me for the very first time, thank you! (Also, the YouTube channel you linked to is indeed a fascinating rabbit hole: https://m.youtube.com/@ooqui )

In case you take suggestions for additional parts in that series: I would love to learn more about common color spaces such as DCI-P3 and Adobe RGB and how they relate to sRGB, and what the pipeline

  (An application on, say, Linux/Wayland defines a pixel to have color C in color space S.)
  ->
  (My color-corrected screen which supports/doesn't fully support color space S shows that color C.) 

looks like exactly.

If central banks sell their gold in the US and buy new gold abroad (to save themselves physically transporting the gold across the ocean[0]), I suspect that the demand this creates for gold abroad will ultimately cause US gold exports to rise, too.

[0]: See the link in https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=50134172

Yes, very much so here in and around Berlin. No garden is safe, and neither is your trash unless you lock it in somewhere. They no longer mind human presence at all, which was not the case 20 years ago (they used to be very shy), and they have become really smart, too, and have opened or unhinged our fence gate several times.

Do you guys also use Microsoft EntraID-based SSO for authentication? I should have mentioned that it's a login problem. (I'm usually already logged in.)

> Not sure if you're aware, but this button does actually exist in the help menu

Wow, I feel very stupid now. Thanks so much, I'll give it a try!

Hi Peter, Firefox Enterprise looks very interesting and like most people here I hope it'll work!

Speaking of working, in my experience, there is a considerable number of enterprise websites and web applications out there that don't work well or not at all(!) in Firefox. (Prime example: outlook.office365.com hasn't worked for me in years – I always end up in a redirect loop unless I clear all cookies, and I heard the same story from others.) Needless to say, such issues might cause new Firefox users to switch back to Chrome/Edge rather quickly. (A friend of mine recently stopped using Firefox for his work because of that.)

Any idea what to do about this? Of course with AI one could go as far as adding a "Report this site doesn't work in Firefox" button that magically sends a report (+ suggested fix) to the people operating the website/app. But I can think of dozens of reasons why this wouldn't work well at all (let alone be a good idea) in practice…

Unfortunately, for me the renderings crash or hang in both Firefox for Android and Chromium/Vanadium on a Pixel 10 Pro. :\

This is the first time I'm hearing about this email (thanks!) and I'm wondering: If it was already known in 2003 how bad Windows was, how did we end up with a Windows that's so much worse? Bill said it was his job to send such emails but apparently he didn't do his job very well…

For the lazy:

https://www.osnews.com/story/19921/Full-Text-an-Epic-Bill-Ga...

Thanks so much!

> Then I saw Ziex and I was amazed. It never occurred to me that the JSX approach could be done outside of JavaScript.

It never occurred to me, either! This is really neat! How does it work?

EDIT: Never mind, seems like it's a custom file format that gets compiled to Zig code. Still quite neat but unfortunately you lose all the IDE support.

Has anyone here tried sbomnix together with grype? How well does it work? Last time I looked into vulnerability checking for Nix, stuff seemed rather unreliable, though I'm not sure I looked into sbomnix (or it already existed at the time).

Sounds like we're still on track for https://ai-2027.com, for better or for worse.

You mean from ~8 months ago? https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-opus-4-6

I would love to hear more about that, too!

> You set a goal. Agent will do goal.

So if I say the goal is to do X while not doing Y (e.g. breaking out of the sandbox), the agent will do anything to fulfill that goal to the letter?

Exactly. As someone much smarter than me once argued here on HN, the value of a software company is less in the software but much more in the mental map the team has built of the problem and of how the software solves it. Throw the team / mental map away and you'll have a very hard time maintaining the software.

Some OpenClaw/Hermes-like agents actually work like that. (Can't find the link right now.)

What a fantastic article! Thank you for sharing it!

> QEMU uses macOS hardware virtualization for the ARM64 desktop.

Huh, since when does QEMU support hardware virtualization on Apple Silicon? To the best of my knowledge, among all the VM managers available on macOS (VMware, Parallels, VirtualBox, …) only UTM currently supports hardware virtualization and that's through the Apple Virtualization backend, not through QEMU.