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exmadscientist

5,940 karma · joined January 30, 2014

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exmadscientist··on Oldest GUI application that still runs on Windows 11
Scroll bars have always been both control (press here to move around) and indicator (how much of this document is there, and how far through it am I?).

Always-on-screen scrollbars are only useless if you think that indication is useless. Many people find it quite valuable.

exmadscientist··on Chain of Thought for Humans
I mean, I think that's exactly the parent poster's point. It's not an absolute "can this person communicate efficiently on CommunicationBench 3.0-beta7". It's "would I, personally, do well sitting next to this person every day and communicating constantly with them, or would I struggle with that?" There's a very personal piece to this that is both a little arbitrary, but completely practical.

(Caveat: I've always been interviewing for members of a small team who I might very literally be sitting next to every day and communicating constantly with. BigCo interviewing is different.)

exmadscientist··on The Other Epidemic: Trying to get off benzodiazepines
Not quite luck, there was a bit more to it than that. Temazepam has a bit different risk profile than some of the others. And the stop signal was developing tolerance; increasing dose would have been the exact thing to do if I wanted to get addicted. So I didn't ask for that!
exmadscientist··on The Other Epidemic: Trying to get off benzodiazepines
They really are extremely effective drugs when used correctly. That's why the calls to ban them (as seen elsewhere in this thread) are not terribly compelling. There's no replacement for what they do.

That said: do not abuse benzos. They will fuck you up.

I was prescribed temazepam for insomnia. It was the only sleep medication that worked, and it was the best sleep I've had in my life. It stopped being effective after around 30 days (or maybe 60, I forget). That was the end of that. I could have argued for a higher dose or a refill or whatever, but... you don't fuck with benzos.

exmadscientist··on What shall I teach my son?
I think "exactly like their parents" and "exactly opposite their parents" are indeed the two most likely outcomes.

(And congratulations on breaking the cycle. It's not easy.)

exmadscientist··on Credit where credit is due
My personal opinion is that, under reasonable circumstances, if you type the words yourself (that is, if your fingers make the keyboard clack), you own them. That definition explicitly excludes copy-and-paste.

The simple act of forcing a roundtrip through your brain and muscles might seem like a small barrier, but I think it's actually a big step in terms of forcing you to interact with the text and take ownership. It's also not practical to do for large blocks of text, and likely will find you putting your stamp on and slightly rewriting even medium-length passages. Both of which are features of the definition.

exmadscientist··on OpenTPU – An open-source AI accelerator, developed by AI
The issue is really the extreme difficulty of programming them, especially for anything sequential (rather than combinatorial). Yes, you can just put down a CPU core, but that's really slow compared to a real CPU and a headache in a lot of ways. (But still is a totally valid and used technique.)

To give a concrete example, suppose you are doing some image processing and you need to write out something like a BMP image file from the pixel data in memory. Suppose, also, that it's dynamic-ish and you can't really precompute the header and just copy it around. This is a horrifying nightmare to do in an FPGA, generally involving writing a custom state machine and populating different bits of the structure on each clock and so on and so on. (This is not an arbitrary example, sadly; I've had to do almost exactly this.) You can do it but it's just plain hard.

On a CPU you're done in five minutes, for a BMP file.

Now imagine you want to write out a JPEG or PNG. On a CPU this is hard enough that you'll probably grab a library... and then still be done in about five minutes. Maybe thirty if something's unusual or you're being extra careful. Maybe a day or two if you decide to write it yourself (don't do this).

On an FPGA? Holy hell you're in pain. You're either going to spend $$$ licensing something or you're going to be there for weeks.

That is why there are jobs that FPGAs don't do. They're not technically impossible, they're infeasibly impossible.

If it is your core business, yes, great, do them. But you'd never decide to stop making wasteful unoptimized BMP files on an FPGA "just because". It's a major chunk of work. But on a CPU, five minutes.

exmadscientist··on Steam Client is now faster than Epic's new vibe coded launcher
Some of that is also that what "native UI" means has shifted a bit. To look at Windows, Win95 had a thoroughly considered UI design that was very well adapted to both what it needed to do and the hard constraints on it. Win11 is... kind of a shitshow. (Are parts of it still from Windows 3.1? I haven't tried to track them down... but in Win10 there were a few dark corners.) It made sense to match the native UI in the Win95 days. It often doesn't now, it's simply not a target worth hitting. You could just use Win32 and target the older Win95 look, but apart from appearance issues, it was designed to work well in 1995, and we simply demand different things from our UIs now. Like support for touchscreens. Old Win32 apps are painful on touchscreens. (But, often, awesome without a mouse.) And those are real considerations, not oooh-shiny-new-thing designer BS.
exmadscientist··on OpenTPU – An open-source AI accelerator, developed by AI
Sorry, I spoke pretty sloppily there.

The point I was trying to make is that the CPU is a general-purpose creature and doesn't really care what you want it to do. If you had a CPU that could handle 1.2Tbps of Ethernet packets at 1Gpps, it could do a whole lot of other things involving 1.2Tbps of data flow too, very easily, if someone wrote the software. And more. (But you're probably not getting 2.4Tbps out of it, no matter what you do.)

An FPGA can not. There's plenty of things that those XCVU13Ps just can't do, or would do worse than a $1 microcontroller. (Setting aside for a moment implementing a CPU inside the FPGA... which does actually happen in just about every large-enough FPGA design, which is its own discussion....)

exmadscientist··on OpenTPU – An open-source AI accelerator, developed by AI
You don't really get an FPGA for capability. CPUs are much more capable, and they're general-purpose so they can do absolutely anything with about the same efficiency and just a little more code.

You get an FPGA for timing. They're less capable, but (in many common design architectures), they output their results once per clock, every clock, on time, every time. If you can hit a fabric clock of say 100MHz, clocking all the weird logic you can stuff in there, it gives 100 million outputs per second, never skipping a single one for any reason (short of total failure). The penalty is that making a small change to your desired "program" can be very expensive, and many things won't be realistically possible at all. Or at least won't fit into a part that you can buy. But things like audio, video, and high-frequency trading love being able to guarantee timing.

(Of course there are other ways to write your FPGA HDL, but that's one of the more common ones. And you do see DDR-style clocking, and similar, every now and then.)

exmadscientist··on Nobel Prize in Physics 2026: Francis Halzen
Well holy shit. I didn't expect to wake up this morning and see the "outside" guy from my thesis committee (aka, the only one who wasn't a rubber stamp) winning the Nobel Prize.

Francis isn't the first Nobel Prize winner I've crossed paths with. But I think he's the only one I'd call a "decent human being". (When I use it, that phrase has a meaning roughly comparable to "nontrivial", so, saying it is nontrivial.) He was well enough liked by faculty and students during my time at UW-Madison.

It's important to note that he's not getting the prize for "conceiving of IceCube" like some people are saying. It's for "conceiving of IceCube and somehow actually making it happen". The latter is the achievement.

Congratulations.

exmadscientist··on Apple's "Clean Design" Is Stupidity When It Comes to Hiding Fire Extinguishers
It doesn't even have to be transparent! (I think.) Big red "FIRE" letters and either a visible handle to open or very obvious instructions would probably be acceptable.
exmadscientist··on Now That's an Impurity Story
Impressive!

I wonder how stable this thing is, or if it can even be all that reliably purified out (if anyone wanted to). I've heard from reliable-ish sources that when tritium is introduced to the body it diffuses throughout quite rapidly, so I'm guessing it might be impossible to get rid of this with any reasonable level of effort.

exmadscientist··on Now That's an Impurity Story
This works for deuterium to hydrogen, but only barely (0.06%!). And that's a 2:1 mass ratio. Uranium separation is 238:235, roughly, or 1.013:1. Not so easy!
exmadscientist··on PDF Forgeries Are Surprisingly Rare (2022)
The flip side to this is that when you do come across a forged PDF (and I have!), they can be really, really effective. Nobody expects them. There are usually tells in the metadata, but... there don't have to be.
exmadscientist··on Fujitsu launches made-in-Japan next-generation CPU FUJITSU-MONAKA
Conglomerates in general, and especially Japanese ones, are heterogeneous enough that those are basically two different companies. The British "Fujitsu" was an acquisition that I'm certain they now deeply, deeply regret.

(Which in no way excuses their utter evil.)

exmadscientist··on Doing Everyone Else's Job
You don't do these things because they benefit your boss. (They might happen to, but that's not the point.)

You do them because they benefit you.

Not going to benefit you? There's lots of ways to say no to a back-channel request. Not a back-channel request? Then I guess it's not someone else's job!

exmadscientist··on Doing Everyone Else's Job
The other powerful thing about being able to do everyone else's job is that you, personally, gain a lot of leverage, and in a lot of different ways. Someone else needs a favor? You probably know how to deliver. Something's on fire? You probably know what to do next, or at least who to call, no matter what's on fire today. Someone isn't budging on something? You might not have any bigger of a lever than anyone else, but you probably know exactly where to position yours, and exactly what it'll do when you apply a bit of force.

It's useful.

And then there's times like getting to charge your client $300/hour to drop stuff off at FedEx. Because you can do that and you're here and you'll get it done right -- no one needs to explain the idiosyncracies of this particular deadline or package contents; you've got it.

Even if that's not normally a senior consultant's job.

exmadscientist··on Overshoot: The World Is Hitting Point of No Return on Climate
We may or may not have hit the physical point of no return. It doesn't really matter, because we obviously hit the point of political no return a long time ago.

In too much of the world, nobody with any kind of power cares. (My own country included.) It's the prisoner's dilemma yet again: why should any of us who might care cooperate, when everyone else is cheating?

We hit that point a long, long time ago.

The situation isn't hopeless, I think, but this talk of "point of no return" doesn't work because it doesn't acknowledge the reality that, as ever, it's political and some people actively do not want to address it.

exmadscientist··on How the Chorleywood Bread Process transformed British bread
Fair point on BS 1363 not being EU, and about UK electricians not being incompetent (I actually didn't know they were careful unlike the continent -- that's just one of those things that once you have to deal with the insanity that is continental Europe, it doesn't really much matter what else is out there).

But my point about electrocution risk is that 240V is not twice as dangerous as 120V. It's actually much, much worse. And 480V is worse still. We used to say that screwing up 120V will hurt you, 240V will kill you, and 480V will kill you, start your corpse on fire, and blind everyone around you. So the design requirements for all 240V class plugs are much more important.

> not falling out of walls ... is up to the manufacturer

This one is a real problem in the US because there is a standard, it is a good standard, parts are made and tested to the standard, and standards-compliant parts work very well. But few people require the damn standard. If you want good receptacles in the US, get stuff that's marked "Federal Specification W-C-596 rated" (aka "Fed Spec"; "Spec Grade" is self-certified to... something... which is... not the same thing... but in practice the manufacturers seem not to abuse that term too much; often lower-volume part numbers seem only to be available as "Spec Grade" presumably due to testing cost). It will perform well.

exmadscientist··on How the Chorleywood Bread Process transformed British bread
They're all horrid to step on, so that's not really worth discussing.

The US plug (NEMA 1-15P is the 2-prong version, or 5-15P for the most common 3-prong grounded) is actually pretty decent. They stay in sockets pretty well if the sockets aren't bottom-of-the-barrel garbage products which, sadly, many things in the US are in general.

What many people miss when comparing US and EU plugs are that they're actually doing fairly different jobs. The 120V mains in the US is significantly less trouble than the 240V in Europe, so you can get away with a lot less mechanically on the plug. The US NEMA 6-15P plug design (the 240V version of the standard plug) is, accordingly, kind of shit. But at least it's rare enough that receptacles tend to be of decent quality, which mitigates a lot. The locking versions (L5-15R etc) are actually quite good, and should almost always be used when possible and appropriate. They're good to 480V and even a bit beyond -- not just working but actually good -- and you can't say that about most EU plug designs. You guys have those horribly bulky pin-and-sleeve disasters and we get nice NEMA locking plugs for our three-phase.

One of the other things that European plugs have to deal with, and US plugs don't, is that European electricians have no idea how to separate hot and neutral wires and basically wire them up randomly. This has major consequences in a lot of product design and is really really annoying when you're trying to build something safe. (Namely: in the US you're often (but not always) not allowed to fuse neutral wires. That makes sense, for safety reasons. You have to fuse hot... but in Europe you don't know which one is hot, so you have to fuse them both. Which means you just fused neutral. Design conflict!) That shows up in the plugs, too; with no idea where hot is, you have to be more careful and can't use neutral to help you out.

exmadscientist··on I Want a Wife (1971) [pdf]
Really? I thought they were trite and not particularly engaged with the source matter. Why did you like them?

The one at the beginning was far more interesting.

exmadscientist··on I Want a Wife (1971) [pdf]
> (I'm guessing)

Please don't do this. It's not helpful.

exmadscientist··on Mental Health Workers Say Algorithmic Triage Is Hurting Patients
One of the most basic safeguards -- necessary, not sufficient -- for AI and even general technology in healthcare should be transparency. Keep the model a black box (if you really must), but every single input, output, and decision should be logged and available to the patient on demand, no questions asked.

That makes it a lot easier to deal with things like the bad AI transcriptions going around. Get burned by AI that can't hear what you're saying? It's in your file, what it heard and then what it screwed up. Providers don't like everything being on the record like that? Maybe they shouldn't be trusting that tool.

Want to know what the useless AI saw when it sent you to group therapy for acute mania? It's in your file. Providers don't like everything being on the record like that? Maybe they shouldn't be trusting that tool.

exmadscientist··on Doctors are finally learning to manage antidepressant withdrawal
> bipolar

I think this is more relevant than people give it credit for. While bipolar depression and unipolar (major) depression might generally be functionally indistinguishable from the outside, they seem to have genuinely different origins within the body and brain.

And the drugs seem to be far more powerful for people with bipolar.

That's both good and bad. Good, because between mood stabilizers and very careful use of antidepressants, many people with bipolar can genuinely achieve complete treatment, or close enough to pass as complete. Which is wonderful! Bad because antidepressants and (hypo)mania are a dangerous combination, and the antidepressants can have more kick than one would normally expect. They'll often cause a patient's first manic episode, which can be very bad on its own but might get things on the right treatment course. (Of course, they often still do nothing much at all.

I think the tapering may be related as well. I was eventually diagnosed with bipolar II and I've never really had to taper off anything that didn't have a black-box warning about tapers (either intrinsically or due to blood-pressure effects, which are worth taking seriously). I've stopped some things cold which one really shouldn't stop cold. I didn't really notice much other than the bad side effects causing the stop going away.

> I do have "extra money" and am able to pay extremely qualified and expensive doctors

I don't really have "extra money" but I still do this anyway. My psychiatrist is $500 an hour, out of pocket, no insurance accepted period. He actually listens. It's worth it.

exmadscientist··on I like 'em thick: an apology to my English teachers
The nice thing about "ranking" stuff for yourself and not for anyone else is that some years can have three "best of the year" and some can have none. Embrace the fuzziness inherent in the system.

Because, man, some years really were just that good.

exmadscientist··on I like 'em thick: an apology to my English teachers
That's part of why I like the fuzziness. And why it's a really great system looking back retrospectively. I don't keep a reading journal, but if I glance over physical books in my house or reading history on my ereader, rankings of past things read get really clear really fast.

As you said it can be kind of surprising!

exmadscientist··on I like 'em thick: an apology to my English teachers
I'm not sure if you're just choosing not to engage fully with what I wrote or if you're trying to make some other point, but for what it's worth I do not and did not write any of my comments here with AI.

So that wasn't really a consideration for me.

exmadscientist··on I like 'em thick: an apology to my English teachers
Oh, that's great! I'm going to have to remember that!
exmadscientist··on I like 'em thick: an apology to my English teachers
> Why this word, this scene, this character, and not some other one?

The "why this not that, even when it looks like that would do just fine" style of differential analysis is an exquisitely powerful analytical tool. Asking this question is probably the single most powerful method I know of to generate deep thought, in absolutely any aspect of life. If you haven't tried it... go for it!

(Sample question: why'd I choose the word "exquisitely" in the above sentence?)

> In the short term, thinness prevails. ... The real question is not “which of these things looks nicer when you look at them for two seconds?” but “which of these things will stand the test of time?”

That tracks with another thing I've noticed I approach differently. I've recently joined a book club and everyone loves to talk about how many "stars" they gave a book. I've never really been able to rank things like that. Aside from there being no such thing as a total ordering of books (or movies or ...), who's to say what five stars from you means, compared to five stars from me? Instead I've started thinking about books in terms of "book of the month", "book of the year", "book of the decade", "book of the century", et cetera. Is this going to be the best thing I read all month or all decade? Am I going to remember this for a year or forget most of it next week? Is everyone still going to be talking about this one in 80 years? I think that's a much better scale than "one to five stars (but actually three to five stars)", and much more interesting. It also bakes in both the inherent subjectivity and inherent fuzziness really well.

(Yes, some things... plenty of things... are thin enough to be candidates for "book of the day" or "book of the hour". Few things are forgettable enough to go below that, though there have been some attempts; mostly at that level things underflow and you get in to Mystery Science Theater 3000 territory, which is its own special kind of thing.)

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