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hex4def6

1,213 karma · joined October 2, 2020

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hex4def6··on I Built a Stereo Vision Board for Hardware Hackers
I'm not convinced he's done the calibration, at least in his demo video. It's pretty bad, imo.

I think he's just running it on the raw unrectified images.

For anyone wanting to play with this, OpenCV has a number of tutorials on this using stuff like stereoBM (which also uses SAD if I'm remembering my algos).

The first step is calibration -- intrinsics (basically figuring out the equations that can cancel out the lens distortion) and extrinsics (how far apart are the two cameras in XYZ, tilt, etc).

hex4def6··on DHS Claimed It Searched GrapheneOS Phone Wiper for Child Abuse Material. It Lied
Regardless of the validity of the terrorism charge, it seems pretty reasonable to call what he did destruction of evidence.

Now, if he had taped "pass:1234" on to the inside of his phone case, and the CBP official had typed that in I'd argue it wasn't his action. But the act of giving false information that led to the auto-destruct is 100% equivalent to him typing it in himself.

The lesson imo, is to have something similar to trucrypt / veracrypt, in which multiple passcodes can unlock different sections of an encrypted drive (and the empty space is encrypted as well with a random key). That way, you have much more plausible deniability ("I gave you the key"), and it's not actively destroying evidence.

hex4def6··on Android apps running native on macOS
What about that chinese cat feeder whose app requires a suspicious number of permissions, and requires max version of android 2 versions behind the current one?

Or maybe your security camera has a "free" plan without motion detection, and you just keep the app running with a screen grab on top to do your own AI motion detection.

Or my eero router, which doesn't have a web interface... etc etc.

There's a million cheap hardware gadgets that are going to lose sw support at some time, and stop being functional. This will help a lot with that.

hex4def6··on Sharing AI progress in mathematics
I hope sincerely hope they don't currently use "proprietary technology" like:

Wolfram Mathematica ($890/yr)

Magma ($2500/yr)

Maple ($680/yr)

COMSOL ($1500,yr)

Matlab ($500+/yr)

Seems like a very strange position to take, in my opinion.

Why does the field of mathematics suddenly now need to be "fair" and give everyone access to the same tools? Has that ever been the case in academics? It's always been a competition for name-recognition, grants, institutions, etc.

Macsyma / Maxima was an MIT developed CAS system back in the 60's that was proprietery until they sold it off to IBM for a tidy sum. Magma actually has free access if you're in the US, otherwise you pay. That's not to mention proprietary MATLAB toolboxes or specialized Stata modules.

Likewise, a lot of the above packages have pretty sweet site-wide deals with R1 universities. If you're at a smaller, foreign one, you're out of luck.

hex4def6··on What's Earth's dominant species by mass?
sure?

The point was that there are a number of recognizable brands that have fewer stores than pandas in existance.

If you do want by to go by 'sales volume', it looks like the cost to rent a panda is about $1M/yr, for a total of 2.5B/yr. So you drop down to about position 43 if you want to sort by that metric. Still bigger than Midas, Jiffy-Lube, Baskin-Robbins.

We're pretty deeply in the apples vs oranges comparison at this point though...

hex4def6··on What's Earth's dominant species by mass?
Looks like there's about 2,500 pandas in the world.

https://www.franchisetimes.com/top-400-2026/

Pandas could fit in the top 20, beating out Panera bread (2,225).

hex4def6··on Competitive Programmer's Handbook (2018) [pdf]
That's the charitable way of interpreting it. The less charitable way is that they're bitter that open-source has basically been used to train their replacement, and that they want to turn programming into effectively a guild-based profession to protect the jobs of those presently in the industry. Similar to the button-making guilds of the past, for instance.
hex4def6··on Photopea creator weighs in on Photosuite project
I mean, it seems a pretty open-and-shut case. The author literally admits he copied the code. From one of the comments he makes:

> @kuckir, to be clear about the lineage: PhotoSuite started from the Photopea build mirrored at https://github.com/ruanjiyang/Photopea-Offline, and the README credits Photopea as the primary inspiration and prior art. Over the past year it's been rewritten and rearchitected module by module, retargeted for desktop, restructured into ~330 source files, with a lot of features Photopea doesn't have. It's a rewrite of that lineage.

That Photopea-Offline is an unofficial rip of the actual app. Pretty sure using a pirated version doesn't suddenly grant you license rights to use & extend the code into another competing product...

hex4def6··on NAND-16: a computer built from 277,248 NAND gates
You then decide to ask it to vary the unbleached:white flour ratio. You ask it to suggest flavor combinations based on 14th century english cookbooks. What happens if the dough is knead it for 3 minutes? 30? Substitute the water for oil and egg whites?

You ask it to try putting the mushroom in the pizza dough. What about cauliflower? What if the tomato sauce / cheese / mushroom order is changed? What if I add the vegetables in a second cooking step?

You're not a cook, but I'd say that at a certain point you might be considered a head chef in this example.

Doing something for fun is all well and good if that's the goal. Finding the best pizza dough recipe doesn't actually need you to get your hands in the dough if you can get the AI to do it for you. That's no different to delegating it to a subordinate cook.

You don't write in assembly. Or, probably, C. You don't write your own graphics driver, or GUI toolkit, or OS kernel, or typeface...We're all just climbing the abstraction tower. It's just that AI is a larger jump than most.

hex4def6··on NAND-16: a computer built from 277,248 NAND gates
As a EE by trade, AI coding has been life changing. I can read code, but since it's not my day job, trying to get a meaningful understanding of multiple codebases is frankly weeks of time.

I no longer have to beg and plead the SW team to implement driver fixes or feature ads; I can freakin' do it myself.

Likewise, being able to explore e.g, a new vision algo piped directly into the software stack allows for setting up a demo in an afternoon.

I try to stay very cautious, and thoughtful prompting / checkpointing / getting it to first search for similar PRs as a guide have helped make sure it stays 'boring' and doesn't break architecture.

So far, I haven't been bitten... :)

hex4def6··on Two-tier encryption in the UK
Looks like 1200 people in the last year. 1200 / 350e6 = 3.4 micromorts. By comparison, getting out of bed at age 45 is about 6 micromorts.

The UK have about 13,000 arrests per year over social media etc. Without litigating all 13,000 of them for validity, that's about 185 microliberties.

Birth control is about 1-5 micromorts.

So you're 30x more likely to be arrested for a social media post than death by getting out of bed, and 55x more than being killed by police. And it's in the same range as taking birth control.

Realistically, these are population estimates. Your actual risk of dying by police is highly correlated with the number of violent interactions you have with them. If you're a getaway driver or a bank robber vs SW developer, you probably have significantly different risk profiles.

On the other hand, edgy social media posts are potentially much more diffuse across populations.

hex4def6··on Google’s Project Suncatcher to put ML infrastructure in space
Think you have an error -- it's t_hot / (t_hot - t_cold)

With those numbers, ideal carnot would be 500/(500-357) = 3.5.

Multi-stage could potentially get you to a COP of 2 or so. So 0.5MW.

hex4def6··on Two-tier encryption in the UK
Would you?

In the UK, they can't force you to speak, but not answering questions can be interpreted as evasion / "adverse interference".

They do not need a warrant to search your phone. Not providing them with a PIN can be a separate charge, with up to 2 years imprisonment.

They can hold you up to 36 hrs if the police decide so. Up to 14 days without charge under modern broad "anti terrorism" laws.

hex4def6··on We must pace the frontier
> ...the mere possibility of them getting broken is no rational reason to abandon rules altogether.

Of course I agree with that. The problem is the enforceability / detectability of this on a global scale hovers around zero, when we're talking literally trillions of dollars on the line.

You would literally have to have every data center account for every cycle of compute it generates.

Again, the nearest comparison feels like bioweapon and nuclear bans. But the difference is the incentives for building those feel significantly weaker, so treaties that reduce and ban their creation are pretty easy to get consensus on, broadly speaking. By comparison, this is something that might provide a 10x competitive advantage to your country's economic, intellectual, and military might.

I think the only way we would get broad global consensus on this is for something Really Bad to happen, so that it moves it out of the fuzzy "sci-fi theoretical" into concrete existance.

hex4def6··on We must pace the frontier
The greater the competitive advantage, the greater the incentive to "cheat" the rules.

I am highly skeptical everyone will play by the rules, even if you could get people to agree on paper.

The difference between something like "unlicensed AI training" and, e.g, Nuclear weapon non-proliferation is that nukes are realistically only a deterrence against invasion. There are no economic benefits to having them in a stockpile. They're hard to make, and the manufacturing and testing steps are pretty obvious to an observer.

This is opposed to AI training in a data center that might host remote-stream video games, hospital infrastructure, protein folding, etc. How will we be able to police that in any realistic fashion? Will China or the US allow unfettered visibility into all data centers data streams to outsiders?

And again, the incentives: Imagine having Astra v3 or Opus 8 while everyone else is stuck with a lobotomized version of GPT 4o.

What about the military applications? The weapon of the future is autonomous drone swarms. If I'm a superpower, I'm pouring hundreds of billions into that.

About the only realistic way this is going to work is if we are able to solve alignment in a way that doesn't significantly hinder AI development. If it imposes even, say, a 20% handicap, people will ignore it.

hex4def6··on How My Students Think About AI
I think in principal, "If AI leaders genuinely believe the technology is existentially risky, that’s a good thing" because the assumption is a rational AI leader therefore wouldn't be building it if it were existentially risky.

I think the problem with that is, the options presented to the CEO of AI-Megacorp are not "Oh no, if we build this version, it will be evil and kill us". It's more like "last round in the evil-AI benchmark, it decided to kill all the humans. We've retrained it with stronger alignment, and now it's passing the benchmark. We're probably OK for this version?". The issue is the next, better version might be better at hiding its reasoning. This is already happening.

My assumption is that these leaders / companies are rational, but rationalizing. Lots of people make make decisions that are objectively bad. If the chance of making a world-ending AI is (0% - 0.1%), would you take the chance, assuming if you continue down the path you may be one of the richest and most powerful men on earth? I think I probably would. What if, every release increases that risk by 0.1%? What point do you stop?

The problem with the idea of "slowing down" is that it has to be top-down at a global level. Taking a month or two to slow down and think about it while your competitors are full steam ahead might be suicidal right now, especially in the age of RSI. So at what point do you decide "too much risk"? It's a game of chicken where if you stand down, you lose.

hex4def6··on Proof of Capture: Apple Reference Image, but open source and using steganography
if

I imagine on apple silicon this is buried deep in silicon / ISP IP block, and isn't a discrete IC.

hex4def6··on I'm sorry, you're not going to die from an AI-engineered supervirus
Now here’s a real risk involving measles that I sometimes worry about. What if the measles virus experienced a set of immune escape mutations where suddenly existing vaccines no longer work? If this happened the consequences would be horrifying. We’d have an immediate, world-wide measles epidemic long before we could develop and roll out a new vaccine. What’s the likelihood this will happen? Informed estimates are that it is low. But realistically speaking, even if the likelihood is low, it’s probably higher than the likelihood that a disgruntled teenager will design a supervirus with AI. So, something to think about.

I'm confused. Would a bit of gain-of-function exploration + measles virus genome = supervirus?

I'm no biologist, but it seems like the genome is readily available. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_001498.1

And it seems like the spots that have to be mutated are already known about: https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/researchers-cl...

And this experiment has already been done: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8080110/

Five minutes of research suggests the sites -- Loop Epitope etc -- only need a few pairs of mutations each. this feels doable... It's not creating a supervirus from whole cloth, but why bother. Measles without a vaccine would be a catastrophe.

hex4def6··on Mom gets 6-month suspended sentence for letting 5-year-old walk to the pond
Citation needed. A kid that's 15.5 yrs old is more than able to be unsupervised for a few hours. c'mon.

The only state that I can find with the oldest age defined is 14 in Illinois (but it's defined as "for an unreasonable period of time").

Most states otherwise don't define it (~38 states), and of the ones that do, it's between 6-10.

hex4def6··on A third of Perplexity's citations don't contain the number they're cited for
Agree.

>>Both URLs were registered yesterday!<<

The "Leadership" photos all look the same, with the AI-airbrushed style. Also amazing how they both only have three people. What a coincidence.

I can't find any of the supposed "Leadership" team on Linkedin. Some of them have unusual names, which cut through the hundreds / thousands of results.

It's a worrying how easily this sort of BS is becoming. It takes far more time to debunk it then to create it. Now you could basically script this and have 100 pages by this time tomorrow, with different styles and URLs and leadership teams (along with professional portraits)...

If they'd let the URLs age a bit, and maybe not registered them on the same day, used slightly more common names, and changed the styles, it would have been much harder to definitively debunk.

hex4def6··on Refurbishing a Tektronix TDS7104 Oscilloscope
Is the PC mainboard separate from all the tek ASIC etc stuff? If so, what's the interface? PCMCIA? PCI?

I'm just wondering how difficult it would be to use a more modern bit of kit in there instead of the Celeron.

hex4def6··on Dyson CameraJet electric toothbrush
Bit off topic, but if you suffer from canker sores, SLS (sodium lauryl sulfate) is a known contributor to that in some people (me included).

It's a bit hard to find toothpastes without it that aren't also fluoride free, but they exist.

hex4def6··on Inception-style curved map for turn-by-turn directions
That seems like enough prior art to invalidate much of what could conceivably be considered novel in the pending patent...
hex4def6··on Apple introduces M6 and M5 Ultra
I remember Microsoft introduced a DRM / certification program they called "Playsforsure".

Two years later they introduce the Zune, which could not play "Playsforsure" music people had purchased from MSN..

hex4def6··on Nation's Largest Reservoirs Are Drying Up, Threatening Life in the Southwest
So what you're saying is, we have a blueprint and it's theoretically possible. That makes it worse.

Co-operation from our northern neighbor would be appreciated. But, perhaps, not required, given a thirst great enough.

hex4def6··on Colorado River plummets as lakes Powell and Mead drop to record lows
https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/fresh-wat...

You have nearly 10 times the freshwater per capita compared to the US. How selfish /s.

Let's thinks of a casus belli. How about something like: "Trillions of gallons of fresh water flow uselessly into the frozen northern seas every year due to Canadian inaction. We are stepping in to build the infrastructure needed to save that water and feed the continent. "

hex4def6··on Illinois just passed a law that puts Linux on the hook for age verification
In a philosophy classroom, it’s a fallacy. In a courtroom, it’s called precedent.
hex4def6··on 200 Milliseconds
You're right the kernel might be able to handle that pretty quickly, but I know from experience even good, ~200Hz sampling captouch system is 1/200 = 5ms worst case, 2.5ms avg. That's already 2.5-5x the budget and we haven't gotten off the display.
hex4def6··on 200 Milliseconds
>touchpad controller

>capacitance dip → interrupt raised

>hid driver report: x 512 · y 288 · button 1 down

>...

>One millisecond in, the click has passed through four pieces of software and nothing has left the laptop.

I'm going to press X to doubt.

There's no way you're getting from "finger touching glass" -> "chrome seeing a click" in one millisecond. Heck, I know for a fact that even the cap touch controller isn't going to be that quick.

I would believe it's closer to 40-50ms, E2E. Even if the captouch was instantaneous, 1ms latency latency is in the realm of RTOS, not a general-purpose OS feeding a bloated app like chrome.

hex4def6··on AirLLM 70B inference with single 4GB GPU
Turns out the SSD was load-bearing.
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