>pattern 2: having inconsistent expectations of the reader’s knowledge
>pattern 3: strained analogies
>pattern 4: pretty pictures on confusing explanations...
edit: I understand you're trying to help, but... Your post simply listing the 'titles' of each of the categories is ironically itself an example of exactly the problem the blog-post is discussing: your bare list implies that these are all known rhetorical devices (assuming knowledge) whereas the blogger is attempting to articulate the reasons why these categories are confusing for the reader/learner.
In other words, the value of the blog-post is in the detail, not in some list that can be summarized like this as a tl;dr.