If an ISP over-provisions these too far, they are wasting money and will not be competitive.
>There is no excuse for inadequately provisioning the backend.
You don’t know what you’re talking about. When this happened was when Netflix exploded in popularity. If I’m running an ISP in Kansas and a service explodes in popularity that is hosted exclusively out of England and my transit provider has saturated peering with the undersea route, it’s not obvious who is responsible for picking up the bill there.
Transit isn’t full line rate to anywhere on earth and suggesting otherwise will get you laughed out of any room with network engineers.